python模块安装--无root权限(easy_install和pip)

easy_install是由PEAK(Python Enterprise Application Kit)开发的setuptools包里带的一个命令,所以使用easy_install实际上是在调用setuptools来完成安装模块的工作。 Perl 用户比较熟悉 CPAN,而 Ruby 用户则比较熟悉 Gems;引导 setuptools 的ez_setup工具和随之而生的扩展后的easy_install 与”Cheeseshop”(Python Package Index,也称为 “PyPI”)一起工作来实现相同的功能。它可以很方便的让您自动下载,编译,安装和管理Python包。【百度百科】
easy_install和pip都是用来下载安装Python一个公共资源库PyPI的相关资源包的,pip类似RedHat里面的yum,安装Python包非常方便。本节详细介绍pip的安装、以及使用方法。

首先安装setuptools

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wget "https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/get/default.tar.gz#egg=setuptools-dev" --no-check-certificate
tar -xzvf default.tar.gz
cd pypa-setuptools-eb92fc5071bf //依据你的解压目录名而定
python setup.py install

安装easy_install

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wget https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ez_setup

解压,安装.

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python ez_setup.py

easy_install安装包

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easy_install 【要安装的模块】

pip下载安装

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wget "https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz#md5=834b2904f92d46aaa333267fb1c922bb" --no-check-certificate

pip安装

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tar -xzvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd pip-1.5.4
python setup.py install

pip使用详解

pip安装包

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pip install SomePackage
[...]
Successfully installed SomePackage

pip查看已安装的包

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pip show --files SomePackage
Name: SomePackage
Version: 1.0
Location: /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages
Files:
../somepackage/__init__.py
[...]

pip检查哪些包需要更新

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pip list --outdated
SomePackage (Current: 1.0 Latest: 2.0)

pip升级包

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pip install --upgrade SomePackage
[...]
Found existing installation: SomePackage 1.0
Uninstalling SomePackage:
Successfully uninstalled SomePackage
Running setup.py install for SomePackage
Successfully installed SomePackage

pip卸载包

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pip uninstall SomePackage
Uninstalling SomePackage:
/my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/somepackage
Proceed (y/n)? y
Successfully uninstalled SomePackage

常见错误

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ImportError No module named setuptools

解决办法:安装setuptools

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